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今日下午，《论语札记》作者贾陆英老师继续在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”组织大家学习讨论《论语》为政篇第2章。有贾老师的热心授课，我们的重温经典读书会已名副其实了。昨天老秘网新开了“公文写作合议庭”版块，也期待大家积极参与。这里，老猫把今日的聊天记录整理如下：
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' G& U/ p& i9 W1 C+ ^6 pTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">各位好，星期一下午有事未到，让大家久等了。特致歉意。今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第7 H0 c% U) J% s+ W% u' c+ v
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">子曰：% t$ E1 T& Q$ V( Z1 L( P, T$ Y. e
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。+ s4 u* p8 F% d Qmso-font-kerning:0pt">"
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4 x, E; S. M6 E, e4 F. \; n7 QTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百：《诗经》实有三百零五篇，三百只是举其整数。9 [9 Z+ N8 ~0 m' b9 smso-font-kerning:0pt">“- f9 a- E8 |1 c7 G/ O+ Hfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
4 C' j$ B, R& k; u ymso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">蔽% g/ a' s4 f8 S/ Nmso-font-kerning:0pt">”* M. E+ A; }3 {: ]! {+ sfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;: v: u6 f2 O* h) X( \9 }/ V6 _
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">：概括。思无邪：《诗经9 ~) Z4 p( ?7 i6 F6 a( C; C. W) x0 k
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; E/ Y$ B a/ U8 vmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">駧》》上的一句话。原文的思字是语助词，孔子借用这句话把思作思想讲。无邪：纯正，没有邪念。7 n, S; M# Q9 Z4 p3 Jmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">思想纯正。5 O0 S. Y, k5 j0 d/ W10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">’”
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/ `9 S+ a3 G, sTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问：孔子为什么极为重视诗教？) @0 {; |: k/ [/ O
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答：本章是孔子对《诗经》精神的概括。孔子曾经说过，吾道一以贯之，指出他的学说有一个贯穿其中的基本精神，读书学习，重要的是要把握这个基本精神。一言以蔽之，就是一以贯之的意思，6 E, Z5 m$ d2 {) Pmso-font-kerning:0pt">"1 l! w6 X, z8 M4 K! \
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">就是贯穿于诗经三百篇中的核心精神。( L8 q2 g" P1 M9 T
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴于诗、立于礼、成于乐3 k# [3 S. J% q! R) q10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”& a( F: Y( F0 S( L- N
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">泰伯》），兴于诗，强调诗的教育之重要，所兴的是人的情感。立于礼，礼教的目的是使人在社会上立足。成于乐，乐教的目的是使这种$ Q2 [" _0 }/ P& c. F9 ?# Y- i
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">最终得以完成。古人讲的2 r+ K- o T+ D* Omso-font-kerning:0pt">“+ q+ Q3 ?4 c. Y( k! R) Yfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;' T; ^* m3 a) }/ ^, m* D
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9 I8 @: N/ C9 j2 Z) Xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，包括音乐、舞蹈、诗歌等等，诗歌是运用有节律、有韵律的语言反映生活、抒发情感的文学体裁，孔子认为，就教化的功能而言，4 u2 X7 \$ `* l* h; i
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8 P/ r% o. h$ g d3 fmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐教( f) ]2 h. n1 E( [" h/ @: ~mso-font-kerning:0pt">”- ]( i- O9 N/ I: f: S( M; S$ ofont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是一个人品德养成、人性完善的最高层次。8 r( Z' }- i, q P4 O/ [# Mmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》是中国最早的一部诗歌总集，经孔子删订，收有从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌1 t: G1 g# y- G# R0 J
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">篇。孔子特别重视0 q8 O- ]1 d$ _1 C2 O( B" `% r; [mso-font-kerning:0pt">“6 c \- y$ k0 ^: I! @9 ` ]
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对于人格完善的重要作用，他说：2 f6 r7 }9 N# b& y& d! Y. `mso-font-kerning:0pt">“2 T0 j i& v' n+ P
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8 l4 T. e( f3 \; y2 R" umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不学诗，无以言。: y6 n9 p, \% Mmso-font-kerning:0pt">”% {2 \( d, ^. Z$ Cfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;: g( q$ u. [% X5 P+ |: B1 a
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语* z: s0 `( S6 t, {0 i6 Q
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">季氏》）3 ] u% x/ J9 G) m7 cmso-font-kerning:0pt">“0 P5 E+ {, f8 D. O
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。迩之事父，远之事君；多识于鸟兽草木之名。' e3 }9 A p. w# ]/ \
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$ p7 f, {& @; ?# V; _ C# cmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">阳货》）由此可见，孔子重视《诗经》的教育，一是在于学习《诗》的语言和文化知识，二是通过6 u7 _' O* q1 P$ `0 z7 ~$ D jmso-font-kerning:0pt">“! y4 W. N6 b( X; u" p8 e0 {font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;. N' `; U6 @; _' z. n
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴、观、群、怨/ t% `: B7 g. h# j3 j! X$ a S6 Nmso-font-kerning:0pt">”. V( a5 _" Q0 @* b# a/ L. V* I. V- |
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1 \8 u. w8 E9 b4 d5 b) w( L" G; I9 fTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。- O K1 G! K7 s7 \& t0 h4 N3 ]3 vmso-font-kerning:0pt">"2 ?; Y' h2 X0 _5 _2 Mfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
4 w' R0 @6 L) h r* K6 Qmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫歪解：诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。0 v ~& q$ r4 X7 R9 J9 E5 h7 i6 j
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。1 A' i% R2 b2 [8 w* L9 _" Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">——- I4 e/ j+ G/ Q# @; u+ _
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。诗经确有许多歌颂男女爱情的作品，那时的社会风气是开化的，孔子的思想也是开化的。这种风气被改变，是后来的事。不可用后人的标准衡量前人。“我把贾老得罪了”& k. ~5 S" u: y
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">开个玩笑，没关系的。6 Y" s4 d; g$ qmso-font-kerning:0pt"> - b, M$ B# P f( C
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% s9 V j2 i1 emso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观、可以群，可以怨。6 x+ A2 x+ p. u5 \' e: s
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/ L& U$ ]. G8 e, }7 d5 S# lmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学诗的作用就在于* i' e# c9 J6 k) O. q
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: o6 w# D8 [) imso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">四个字。所谓! O$ h( R+ T& L- U+ d
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以激发人的兴致，培养想象力；所谓$ A8 d9 b$ R% [4 ?& @- Pmso-font-kerning:0pt">“! A# k/ Z2 V) B" W/ C3 u5 k8 ]
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5 X) _: G4 o8 ]2 e% Gmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以多识鸟兽草木等大自然之物，提高观察力；所谓; i( m$ |" j1 X/ ~# omso-font-kerning:0pt">“# t6 P& f$ M4 G% D, E
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+ v8 w- w6 V. n# U" D' V8 Kmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以涵养温柔敦厚的性情，提高在群体中生活的能力；所谓* Y% D* y( ^1 C" N1 B7 _mso-font-kerning:0pt">“& [) N8 `- X t$ N' u' h f2 `font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
! L, t! Z9 `, _. Emso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨# e2 _% D. r' ]& P9 F9 {mso-font-kerning:0pt">”; ?( a8 C% b. m$ n h' P
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗还可以锻炼5 r& E- y. ~/ j! V& ^. Q
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L/ D& m, ~3 W0 B7 T; Mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐而不淫、哀而不伤$ [! n9 ~( D3 n, c3 [' R. d( y3 Hmso-font-kerning:0pt">”# _/ F( M2 U6 `2 n. M
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语; [6 _& }8 |) U. ~" B
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">八佾》）的胸襟和品格，抒发心中之怨，而又能" G5 X3 M8 ]! P( t- m6 b8 E
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">论语集注》），恰到好处，合乎中道。总之，学诗可以使人0 T: D' b) r* j h- q2 M$ A
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政》），遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。) u( T" r# c4 U4 \) x4 M$ h8 C& ]' ~2 i
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+ n4 Y3 h5 i# V W: H! i7 x0 v1 l1 e9 {Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">继续歪解啊：群呢，就是说物以类聚，大家有共同的审美和爱好，对诗经有雷同的见解，于是呢，就找到好朋友了。所谓怨呢，就是说看到诗经里写的这么美好的事物人物，会生出点点怨气，怨自己为什么没有诗经这么美好的生活，从而激发斗志。* Q6 G) x; S5 M( Jmso-font-kerning:0pt">! H ]+ _' V( a6 U
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">智者见智，淫者见淫。有道理' L. X9 T8 ^- k5 t$ ]( B% {% J
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">大家是做文秘工作的，写文章，也需要提高文学素养，如能恰到好处地引用几句诗词、名言警句，定会使文稿熠熠生辉。否则，干巴巴的，没有文彩，读之无味。# c3 V: E& b- x8 i' R0 emso-font-kerning:0pt"> # x! S5 d3 x) L. D# q( O
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是的，不但文稿晦暗，而且说服力弱- p& d' b8 i8 k% X/ S) g# I
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我们领导基本把稿子中的诗句都略掉，不读，也许在正式场合没有习总的温柔劲吧- j, R1 U q; V! \1 \/ ~
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. |# |: v5 v a# f6 TTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是啊，大家看看习总的语言风格，文学素养深厚，值得学习。
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提升卡
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沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
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300x180 AD
